The Definition And Concept Of Spatial Integration Cultural Studies Essay

The Definition And Concept Of Spatial Integration Cultural Studies Essay The definition and idea of Spatial Integration in notable urban communities or towns isn't precisely characterized as it has been viewed as a fundamental segment of the current mix in the urban communities of towns. Accordingâ [1]â to European Spatial Development Program (ESDP) under the Noordwijk venture, Spatial combination communicates the open doors for and level of (monetary, social) cooperation inside and among territories and may mirror the ability to co-work. It additionally shows, for instance, levels of availability between transport frameworks of various geological scales. Spatial coordination is emphatically affected by the nearness of proficient authoritative bodies, physical and useful complementarity among zones and the nonappearance of social and political debates. In itself, the term communication can appear in any event as worldwide as the one of joining. In any case, this term, frequently combined with the spatial or regional qualifier is regularly utilized in logical writing, specifically by geographers. From a wide perspective, the idea of spatial cooperation can be identified with any sort of connection between places (connexity, similitude, streams, and closeness) and one could absorb the examination of spatial communication to spatial investigation in itself, or even to topography. In the act of (chiefly geological) inquire about, spatial communication frequently takes an increasingly restricted and specialized significance and may allude to a wonder portrayed as diminishing of the power of streams with separation. Diverse spatial cooperation models have been worked so as to give record of this marvel, huge numbers of them depending on the general gravity model, in light of separation and on relative loads of the thought about elements. Considering the ESDP definition, its worldwide methodology just as the historical backdrop of the standard, it appears that association must be comprehended here as a somewhat thorough idea, that can't be legitimately restricted to certain areas of connections, nor even to spatial cooperation as it is commonly comprehended. For instance the definition specifies cooperation between regions as opposed to spatial association, which could demonstrate that separation isn't really observed as focal (possibly in light of the fact that the idea of separation is progressively explicit of another standard, Geographic position) The ESDP definition, through its reference to eagerness to co-work and to nonattendance of social and political contentions, likewise shows that the social and human angles assume a significant job in a receptive methodology of the idea of spatial association. Other than its different understandings, utilization of the term connection in the meaning of the Noordwijk draft of ESDP can likewise be viewed as passing on some verifiable thoughts through its derivation. Spatial mix and (spatial) attachment:- There is frequently reference to the terms which are or their importance is connected or shut to the incorporation in the European archives. In the Article B under title I of Treaty of European Union, the frequently term under the points and goals, is the financial and social attachment. There is no particular meaning of union (Economic and social) in the Treaty, yet there is reference is to decrease the differences between the degrees of advancement of the different districts and the backwardness of the least preferred locales, including country zones. The examination of the principal report on social and monetary union portrays the circumstance of the European areas in a similar point of view of evaluation of disparities and of their patterns. In those terms, union appears to be firmly identified with the possibility of homogeneity and Spatial (or regional) attachment is moderately less referenced contrasted with social and monetary union. Spatial reconciliation and co-activity:- The Noordwijk venture of ESDP presents in its definition the idea of readiness to co-work, as a reason for spatial combination. This adds a significant unique component to comprehension of regional (or spatial) coordination. Co-activity is regularly related to incorporation, in spite of the fact that there are some key contrasts between the two ideas. From the earlier, the idea of spatial collaboration, which is at the center of the meaning of spatial combination, has no positive or negative sense. Spatial connection by and large depends on human inspiration (regardless of whether characteristic wonders, for example, floods may cause spatial cooperation), however these inspirations probably won't be shared by all on-screen characters nor lead to win-win circumstances. Interestingly, nonappearance of co-activity may result either in a restricted degree of spatial association, as connections won't be upheld by all on-screen characters, or in lopsided connections exclusively controlled by the law of the most grounded. Absence of co-activity can be seen by and by at times where genuine relations are short of what one would expect taking into account shared interests, physical prospects accessible, or nearness of spatial frameworks to oversee (for example stream bowls). Be that as it may, nonappearance of co-activity may likewise exist where joining (as far as associations) is solid, and in those cases it might have hurtful impacts for a portion of the accomplices. Despite the fact that the ESDP makes reference to the eagerness to co-work, it must be said that co activity doesn't generally depend on readiness yet in addition on need to co-work. This permits us to recognize circumstances that require co-activity (regardless of whether the accomplices are fairly hesitant) and circumstances where spatial reconciliation is really frail however the ability to co-work exists. In the subsequent case, certain material hierarchical changes may prompt an expansion in the essentialness of relations between territories. Endeavoring to interpret the idea of spatial co-activity into pointers is perceived similar to an extremely troublesome assignment, as co-activity basically depends on a perspective and on authoritative examples that don't really suggest effectively quantifiable marvels. Systems of spots:- For some creators, it is helpful to think about further how places are connected, all together that reconciliation may happen. Spots are not, at this point considered as basic topographical builds; rather they are characterized through social examination (for a survey, see Amin and Graham, 1998). These pressure that spots are explained minutes in systems of social relations and understandings instead of territories with limits around (Massey, 1993; 66). In this setup socially-developed spots are noncontiguous, various, dynamic and superimposed. Just as will undoubtedly put based relations, social, social, financial, political and ecological connections and relations can be extended across space (Graham and Healey, 1999 (anticipated)). This mostly mirrors an increasingly refined investigation of how systems of urban communities and towns associate, a region that Theme 2 investigates further. As Dematteis notes we have seen the section from a useful association where the focuses are evaluated with a staggered chain of command (as in the models of Christaller and Lã ¶sch) to interconnected systems sorted out based on the comparing complementarities of the hubs and the collaborations created (Dematteis, 1994). It likewise mirrors an understanding that it isn't places which interface yet the individuals and associations (entertainers) which occupy that space. Geoff Mulgan (1997) names the present period one of Connexity. This mirrors the ESDPs meaning of spatial reconciliation as: Opportunities for and level of collaboration inside and between zones. In Mulgans see societies, economies, social universes, governmental issues and situations all become driven by rationales of progressively extraordinary interconnections and streams, over bigger and bigger land scales. A developing scope of monetary, social, and social associations which are both set up and strange (Adams, 1996; 279) are being bolstered by present day interchanges advances (Graham and Healey, in the same place.). Obviously, it is conceivable that associations may just happen between explicit areas of society. We may hence observe diverse social geologies of spatial joining. The Noordwijk undertaking of ESDP proposes that proportions of spatial reconciliation will incorporate degrees of linkage between transport frameworks at various land scales. In any case, a more full translation of the origination offered above infers that spatial reconciliation is more extensive than just vehicle linkages yet incorporates all exchanges (or streams) between territories. To Mulgan, the developing significance of system based associations implies that economies are progressively determined by the intelligent or virtual regularities of electronic correspondence, another geology of hubs and centers, handling and control focuses. The nineteenth centurys physical frameworks of railroads, waterways and streets are presently dominated by the systems of PCs, links and radio connections that oversee where things go, how they are paid for, and who approaches what. The physical appearance of intensity, dividers, limits, roadways and urban areas, are overlaid with a virtual universe of data center points, databases and systems (Mulgan, 1991; 3). India: Accordingâ [3]â to Jordar, Souro D., Spatial joining is the mix of the considerable number of exercises like financial, social and physical which can be accomplished by the cutting edge spatial arranging instruments and methods, unique and double modes for the support towards advancement in the urban areas. There are not many urban communities in India which have experienced arranged advancement by utilizing the cutting edge spatial arranging apparatuses and strategies towards spatial incorporation. The creator connotes the job of assets like land and foundation in the spatial incorporation of urban communities. Additionally, the job of modes like open and private segments, open/private division for the improvement of spatial reconciliation, is likewise generally significant for spatial turn of events. Brazil: Accordingâ [4]â to Edja Bezerra Faria and Valerio Augusto in their paper, Spatial Integ

Total Productive Maintenance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Absolute Productive Maintenance - Essay Example Anyway so as to attempt a compelling Total Productive Maintenance process some significant components ought to be thought about. It is imperative to comprehend both the potential prizes and the related dangers. The fundamental point of this paper is to sum up what has been expounded so far on the Total Productive Maintenance process and to propose a methodological methodology so as to direct an examination concerning this issue. The paper is additionally planned for examining and testing the viability of the contributing elements in the usage of the Total Productive Maintenance process. TPM is blend the thoughts of individuals working the gear and individuals looking after it (Robert, 2002). Support influences all parts of business viability - chance, security, ecological maintainability accomplished, vitality effectiveness, and item quality and client care, for example not simply plant accessibility and expenses. Personal time has consistently influenced antagonistically the ability of physical resources by lessening yield, expanding working expenses and bringing down client support (Moubray, 2000) It was additionally discovered that the TPM facilitator must be inspired and proactive to utilize their gatherings with the board, advance TPM and actualize the preparation got. They should likewise be enticing and be able to mentor and train individuals in the TPM procedure (Ireland and Dale, 2006) So as to execute a fruitful TPM it is essential to keep an information of the issues happened in the hardware, the personal time and the arrangement gave (Besterfield, Michna, Besterfield and Sacre). Henceforth the principal created theory is: H1: The fruitful usage of TPM is needy upon the accessibility of past information identified with hardware. Increment in representative strengthening is another significant factor, which add to the viability of the absolute gainful support. The eagerness of workers can be improved by setting testing targets and indicating how to accomplish them. Self-governance is the center idea of strengthening, while the administration holds control through data frameworks, selection of procedures and accessible devices (Agyris, 1998). Consequently the theory creates as: H2: Higher the degree of representatives self-rule higher the degree of achievement of TPM. The data and thoughts are effectively traded through correspondence among people and gatherings. It is imperative to trade the thoughts and data in a commonly justifiable way. It is essential to prepare the workers with respect to the change to be embraced in the association. The third theory to be tried is the job of preparing of representatives in the TPM. H3: Is it important to embrace TQM with TPM. Subsequently as referenced underneath the TPM is the 5S bit by bit program: 1 - Cleaning and Restoration: Altogether reestablish and clean. Inspiration through investment. 2 - Eliminate Stains, Mixed, Contamination: Study Root Causes of Dirt, Mixing, Loss, and harm and take activities. 3 - Improve Accessibility: Achieve brief availability time for

Is Wal-Mart Good for America Free Essays

Wal-store is the most remarkable business in America since it sets measures for America all in all. Wal-bazaar is one of America’s most driving markdown stores making it progressively positive for buyers. Wal-shop makes things helpful by having all that you need in one store at the least expensive cost. We will compose a custom exposition test on Is Wal-Mart Good for America or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now Wal-store has an astonishing system of causing things to appear to be modest; be that as it may, it’s a fantasy. I accept the United States hasn’t profited by Wal-Mart in numerous manners. Walmart has exploited their initial value point. They’re system is drawing out the least expensive thing before a walkway and pulling you towards it, be that as it may, as you are pulled towards it, you are driven into more extravagant things making the figment that the entire path is at a lower cost too. Purchasers get bulldozed and get it and that’s how Wal-shop makes an enormous measure of benefit. So does deceiving buyers truly make Wal-store a decent enterprise for America? Another motivation behind why Wal-shop isn’t useful for America is pay cuts and position misfortunes. As indicated by PBS Frontline, â€Å"over 1 million employments have been lost to China.† Jobs that used to be anything but difficult to get in America are being lost to China, similar to steel laborers and plastic specialists, only for organizations like Wal-bazaar. Wal-bazaar has an excessive amount of control over littler producers. They purchase modest imports which hurt American hands on laborers immensely. This shows Wal-store isn't useful for America. The most effective method to refer to Is Wal-Mart Good for America, Essay models

Prisons essays

Penitentiaries articles As everyone of America ages, so do its detainees. It is anticipated that continuously 2010, at any rate one out of ten will be age fifty or more seasoned. In Florida for instance, the development pace of geriatric detainees as of now surpasses that of the more youthful prisoner. The purpose behind this scourge is halfway because of harder long haul condemning rules, coming about because of the get intense on wrongdoing effort. On account of these long sentences, seniors are gathered in jails well past their extents in regular citizen open. Detainment facilities can lose generous prosecution costs if heath care projects and concerns are not met. The more established detainee will likewise should be isolated from the more youthful prisoner who conceivably could overwhelm a geriatric prisoner without any problem. As the administration battles with the issues of old prisoners, the issue is just deteriorating. The formation of the supermax jail is because of the present peril of the grown-up male jail circumstance. These penitentiaries are stuffed to the point of threat and are driving organization to act. On account of harder condemning rules, and longer sentences, the detainment facilities have topped off without a turnover rate that facilitates the swarming issue. Jail overseers are being compelled to discharge peaceful wrongdoers from jail once more into the network, leaving the vicious guilty parties all together in the jail. This makes a strained circumstance inside the jail, and makes an open door for aberrance, for example, mobs or battles. Moderate authorizations are starting to fill the hole among jail and probation boundaries. They can run from fines to training camps and grow alternatives in the criminal equity framework to better suite a wrongdoing with a proper discipline. The specific discipline considers the wrongdoer carefully responsible for their activities. With the restricted recourses accessible for the criminal equity framework, middle of the road sanctions license viable and effic ... <! Detainment facilities expositions The field of detainment facilities redresses is a difficult one. Our general public persistently adjusts its perspective on what it needs jails to do: we need them to rebuff miscreants, however we additionally need to enable the detainees to return to society prepared to be gainful residents. However, the present jails likewise face significant issues that may not be evident to the nation's citizens. Ted Strickland, a congressional delegate from Ohio, used to fill in as a clinician in an Ohio jail. He reports a portion of the practices he needed to manage while attempting to help detainees who were intellectually sick: he had pee flung in his face and was undermined on various occasions with brutality. Once somebody took steps to toss HIV-positive blood in his face (Strickland, 2002). He is one of various jail experts who understand that the present jails contain a huge and developing populace of detainees with huge emotional well-being issues. A significant number of these prisoners hove issues with substance maltreatment also (Sigurdson, 2000). The jail issue is identified with issues we have managing mental disease in the public arena when all is said in done. In the course of recent years, 90% of beds in state mental medical clinics have been wiped out (Sigurdson, 2000). In reality, in most significant urban communities the correctional facilities house more individuals with genuine mental sickness than the neighborhood mental medical clinics (Sigurdson, 2000). Joined together States hails and jails have more prisoners with psychological instabilities, actually, than are housed in all the state medical clinics joined (Sigurdson, 2000). To be reasonable, if the psychological sickness were the detainees' just issues, they likely would not have been hospitalized outside of jail. Numerous individuals with even conditions as extreme as schizophrenia are not hospitalized. In any case, they are available in our penitentiaries, and living under distressing A few specialists feel that the expansion in emotional well-being patients/detainees is identified with the ongoing mental mend... <!

10 Foreign Language Idioms Youll Love

10 Foreign Language Idioms You’ll Love (0) It’s exciting to learn a new language, especially the sayings that only native speakers know. In English, we have idioms like “bring home the bacon” and “let’s hit the road,” but do you know why being able to “cause a monkey to fall” or why “bones in the right order” are good things? Here are ten foreign language idioms you’ll love. Try sprinkling these into your next conversations and see what happens. The English language is full of idioms, but another fun aspect is its weird and sometimes wacky grammar rules! The EasyBib grammar guides feature definitions and proper usage of parts of speech, like plural nouns, subordinating conjunctions, and determiners. It’s a perfect place for new and veteran writers alike! “Makalaglag matsing.” â€" Tagalog Literal English translation: Can cause a monkey to fall. Meaning: This phrase is used to describe the feeling you get when you see an extremely attractive person. Presumably this person is so good looking that a monkey would get distracted and accidentally fall. Example: “Did you see that handsome guy? He’d cause a monkey to fall.” “?????? (Jiang hái shì lao de là).” â€" Chinese Literal English translation: Old ginger is spicier than new ginger. Meaning: Experience counts. Example: “Ted, let me show you how it’s done. Old ginger is spicier than new ginger.” “Você está enchendo meu saco.” â€" Portuguese Literal English translation: You are filling my bag. Meaning: You are getting on my nerves. Example: “John, if you don’t stop this annoying behavior now, you’re going to fill my bag.” “PijeÅ¡ mi krev.” â€" Czech Literal English translation: You’re drinking my blood. Meaning: This is another way to tell someone that he or she is getting on your nerves. May or may not be appropriate to use if face-to-face with a vampire. Example: “You’re drinking my blood, Callie. We need to meet this deadline.” “Hang aan n tak.” â€" Afrikaans Literal English translation: Hang onto a branch. Meaning: Hold on for a second. Example: “Wait, I’m almost done. Hang onto a branch.” “Ayos ang buto-buto.” â€" Tagalog Literal English translation: Bones in the right order. Meaning: Use this phrase when you want to communicate that everything is in order. Example: “Do we have everything? Are the bones in the right order?” “In bocca al lupo.” â€" Italian Literal English translation: In the mouth of the wolf. Meaning: This is a common way of wishing someone good luck. A typical response to this phrase is “crepi,” which means, “You die” (“you” refers to the wolf). Example: “It’s going to a wonderful performance, Beth. In the mouth of the wolf!” Bez práce nejsou koláce. â€" Czech Literal English translation: Without work, there aren’t pastries. Meaning: The best English equivalent to this phrase is, “No pain, no gain.” Example: “If you want to make more money, you have to put in the effort. WIthout work, there aren’t pastries.” “?????????????????? (Ashita no koto o iu to tenjo no nezumi ga warau).” â€" Japanese Literal English translation: If you speak of tomorrow, the rats in the ceiling will laugh. Meaning: The future is unpredictable. Example: “Don’t worry about making a five-year plan. If you speak of tomorrow, the rats in the ceiling will laugh.” “????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? (Kogda rak na gore svistnet).” â€" Russian Literal English translation: When a lobster whistles on the top of a mountain. Meaning: This phrase is similar to “When pigs fly.” If you want to communicate that something is never going to happen, this is the idiom for you. Example: “Oh please, when a lobster whistles on the top of a mountain.” Let help put the finishing touches on your next writing assignment. Run your paper through the grammar and plagiarism tool, and pick from thousands of citation styles, like MLA, APA, or Chicago Manual of Style, to cite your references automatically!

Nursing CPR as a Required Part of Colleges Curriculum - 550 Words

Nursing: CPR as a Required Part of Colleges Curriculum (Essay Sample) Content: CPR as a Required Part of Colleges CurriculumStudentInstitutionCPR as a Required Part of Collegeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s CurriculumFirst aid is the assistances offered to a person suffering a sudden injury and illness. On the other hand, cardiopulmonary resuscitation commonly known as CPR, is a procedure performed in an emergency as a technique of saving life where someone's breathing or heartbeat has a problem. CPR is usually done by compressing the chest, so as to create an artificial circulation of blood while pumping it in a manual way through the heart and thus the body.Training in first aid courses such as CPR among others should be a requirement for collegeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s graduation due to several reasons. Among them is the fact that when the graduates are aware of CPR process, they are in a position to save a life. Research has shown that the personnel's who cater for emergency medical services responds to many cardiac arrests that happen out of hospital annually. Therefore, training in administering CPR can make a difference because more lives will be saved even before people suffering from cardiac arrests are taken to the hospital. Performed research indicates that less than one in every three cardiac arrests victims receives the CPR assistance (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2011).Another significance of training the collegeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s graduates in administering CPR is that this is a mere skill taught quickly. CPR, being a shorter and a lesser detailed discipline can save a lot of time and money if introduced to colleges (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1998).Empha...

Religion A Non Religious Person - 1241 Words

As a non-religious person, asking myself what it means to say that religion is about drawing boundaries and making connections, is kind of mind boggling. Thinking through it over and over again, religion can draw boundaries by doing what is right and wrong based on one’s religion and their opinion of what one believes in. One’s boundaries contain the inside and outside, what one is comfortable with. Religion can make connections through over time with history, through the individuals who came before us and help navigating, figuring certain things out. A History of Religion in 5  ½ Objects by S. Brent Plate, explains that stones, incense, drums, crosses, and bread, all collaborate to draw boundaries and make connections through religions.†¦show more content†¦Although these two religions have different opinions of belief, they are connected by a stone, something that is permanent, something that has a permanent meaning to them. The stone, the center spot of t he earth of sacred stability, is a boundary for those who need to be surrounded by those who were known to be Holy of the Holies. A circle, a center of something can keep something in or it can keep something out. This stone can connect to individuals in a emotional or physical way, the stone could symbolize as an enforcement to protect our bodies and our emotions. With religions it can be a boundary for what one believes in and how important something is to them. Within Incense, it is something that was used as precious and valuable that comes from far away. Over the year’s incense has become easier to come by and easier to have for oneself. â€Å"It is used not only in worship settings, but also in purification, protection, healing, memory, marking time, and creating space. . .† (62) As an example, the Indian rituals use a meditation scent that has been known and appreciated for centuries. The meditation incense is there for a calming aroma that is there to create a boundary that we feel comfortable in. within religions, some rituals do involve incense to calm those around, and to make those feel that they are safe in their surroundings,

The Stars in Van Goghs World - 774 Words

The Stars in Van Gogh’s World â€Å"I often think that the night is more alive and more richly colored than the day .† He demonstrated this ideal through his painting â€Å"The Starry Night,† one of the most iconic paintings of nineteenth century. Through this painting, Vincent van Gogh shared a very personal experience with the viewer. The nature of the night became a symbolic image to van Gogh. The representation of the small town resembles the small scale of human life. The Church points directly upward, to the Heavens. Although van Gogh was not mentally stable, â€Å"The Starry Night† was created in moments of great clarity to him . Fig 1, Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889. Oil on Canvas. New York Museum of Modern Art. This painting was a composite of different painting and sketches, done by him and by other well-known painters. A great insight to his imagination, this painting challenged many viewers. Many believe this imaged was conceived months after he was in the hospital since he spent a lot of time sight seeing outside his window. Yet, most of the painting was conceived through his own imagination. Both the church and the crescent moon were drawn and painted from his memory, while the hills and cypresses were drawn from realistic perspective. Van Gogh wrote about his desire to paint a starry night to many of his close friends and family members, months before the actual painting was created. After months of contemplating the painting, he finally created theShow MoreRelatedVan Gogh s Starry Night1671 Words   |  7 PagesIn Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Night there are many aspects of the artwork that are symbolic of Van Gogh’s life struggles. It is easy for the viewer to assume that the aspects of Starry Night represent van Gogh’s time in the asylum, however, not all aspects represent his insanity and isolation. 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His landmarkRead MoreStarry Night By Vincent Van Gogh1433 Words   |  6 Pages A Cypress Tree in the Midst of the Stars Vincent Van Gogh, the Dutch artist who painted Starry Night, was disrespected and unappreciated for his works during his life. However, today he is considered one of the greatest Dutch painters. Today, his work is known for its detail, beauty, and emotion. One might claim that Vincent Van Gogh’s painting Starry Night depicts his supposed insanity. However, his painting Starry Night depicts hisRead MoreVisual And Contextual Analysis Of Vincent Van Gogh s The Starry Night961 Words   |  4 PagesA Formal Visual and Contextual Analysis of Vincent Van Gogh’s The Starry Night When I first saw Vincent van Gogh’s painting of The Starry Night, I was immediately drawn to the peaceful luminescent stars emanating outward like vibrant yellow halos into the captivating striking blue sky. I felt a sense of calm and tranquility as the bright orange moon shone intently over the serene village below. The sprawling mountain range, grassy hills and fields of wheat intensified this feeling as a soft windRead MoreAnalysis Of Starry Night 882 Words   |  4 PagesNight For many, the painting Starry Night, by Vincent Van Gogh, is simply paint on a canvas. Created in the summer of 1889, while Van Gogh was in a mental asylum, others perceive the painting as a message of Van Gogh’s desire for acceptance and normalcy. Heavily influenced by the Expressionist movement, Starry Night is a physical representation of Van Gogh’s feelings of melencholy during his stay in the asylum. His troubled mind allowed Van Gogh to create a painting with a yearning mood. ThroughoutRead MoreEssay on Vincent Van Goghs Starry Night at St. Rà ©my1191 Words   |  5 PagesVincent Van Goghs Starry Night at St. Rà ©my Vincent van Goghs Starry Night at St. Rà ©my of June 1889, expresses the comforting power and spirituality of the infinite night sky over the humbler, earthly brand of nature through a synthesis of exceptional visual power, elements of religious allegory, and of modern spiritualism. This work is the product of van Goghs refusal to depict the purely imaginary, but willful manipulation of what is real in order to achieve a more powerful work, bothRead MoreEssay about Vincent Van Gogh 1358 Words   |  6 PagesVincent Willem van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on March 30th 1853, in Zundert, The Netherlands. Van Gogh spent his teenage year’s working for a firm of art dealers; however, he did not embark upon his art career until 1880. Originally, he worked only with dark and gloomy colors, until he came across the art movements developed in Paris known as, Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism (Meier-Graefe 4). Van Gogh than included their brighter colors and unique style of painting intoRead More Vincent Van Gogh Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagestime.quot; - VINCENT VAN GOGH, 1890 What could be a more disturbing image than the one of Vincent Van Gogh as the wanderer? Of his time spent in poverty and isolation he sought to help those around him, and perhaps to find himself in the process. Picture Vincent as he gives his first Sunday sermon in Isleworth, outside of London. He was so passionate about his beliefs, but never really connected with the religious world. His sermon must have really been something. Van gogh traveled to BrusselsRead MoreExpressionism Of Vincent Van Goghs The Starrry Night1505 Words   |  7 Pagesartist Vincent Van Gogh, remains engrained in the minds of many, as an expression of his tempestuous state of mind. Painted in June of 1899, the painting represents the symbolic, and highly personal meanings that proved to be particularly important to Post-Impressionist artists. This deeply distinctive, emotionally evocative style has continued to influence artists residing within twentieth century and up to the present day, promising Van Goghs prominence in the near future. Van Gogh’s expressionismRead MoreAnalysis Of The Starrry Night Painting By Vincent Van Gogh1373 Words   |  6 PagesThe first four sources I will be using are related to â€Å"The Starry Night† painting from Vincent van Gogh. The first source, located on MOMA Learning, is titled Vincent van Gogh: The Starry Night, 1889† which does not appear to have an author or publication date. 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Evolution And Its Impact On Students Worldview - 1310 Words

Perhaps the greatest challenge in the Christian academic community surrounds the question of evolution and its impact on students’ worldview. Trepidation concerning the topic of evolution and its implications may launch students into a pit of uncertainty and doubt. This outcome is certain if the topic at hand is presented in such a way that fails to encounter students’ questions in an academically enriching environment. Historically, the act of challenging notions of familiarity results in outcomes that can strengthen previous assumptions or reveal new possibilities in which the mind can unravel the natural world’s many mysteries in its function. Consequently, new discoveries and questions regarding the order of the natural world initiate†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, humility is the key to the approach to biblical hermeneutics and the workings of evolution. Accepting that we do not have the necessary knowledge obtained through scriptural analysis to prove or disprove evolution is the first step in this endeavor. We as humans do not possess ultimate scientific or hermeneutical knowledge. The acquisition of such knowledge would ultimately eliminate our belief in God. The origins of Earth and humanity cannot be confirmed via first person accounts or a YouTube video upload. The age of our race, planet, and universe pale in comparison to the message of the Gospel. Our redemption from sin through Christ is the foundation of our faith, as well as our key to salvation. However, such statements must be made following the critical analysis of historical, hermeneutical, and theological elements. Saint Augustine recognized that non-believers were exceptionally aware and knowledgeable in many facets of scientific discovery and thought. In Mark A. Noll’s Jesus Christ and the Life of the Mind, Noll explores Saint Augustine’s role in encouraging Christians to maintain awareness and caution when engaging with non-believers in top ics that they are not knowledgeable of. Augustine also claimed that science and faith should work together in a harmonious relationship. Early scientific discovery did little to question literal interpretations of the

Video Games And Real Violence - 944 Words

Video games and real violence, is there a relationship? Just take a minute and think about the question. According to HealthLine news 91% of kids play video games and 90% of these video games are violent video games. So one would automatically assume video games promote real violence. I believe this is not true and through expert analysis and through my own experience I will not only show but, prove that video games do not promote violence. I have been playing video games for as long as I can remember. I started out playing Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles on Nintendo when I was six and now I play a variety of games for the PS3. These games include Need for Speed, Madden NFL 16, Call of Duty, and Grand Theft Auto 5. What I am basically saying is that I have many years of experience with violent video games, but I have never been in a situation to where I thought it would make me more aggressive toward anyone. If anything I calmed me down. After a long day at work or even after a small ar gument with my girlfriend I would go to my room and play my games, it was a stress reliever for me. I have never been in any fights nor have I been arrested for any violence in my life. According to Cheryl Olson, Lawrence Kutner, and Dorothy Warner, â€Å"Playing violent video games reduces violence in adolescent boys by serving as a substitute for rough and tumble play. Playing violent video games allows adolescent boys to express aggression and establish status in the peer group without causingShow MoreRelatedReal World Violence And Video Games1513 Words   |  7 PagesReal-World Violence and Video Games From news outlets, to politicians, to parents: when tragedies occur they place the blame on many different sources. After the Sandy Hook shooting, media networks fiercely debated whether or not video games played a part in the shooter’s motives, as he had played games from the notorious Grand Theft Auto series prior to the shooting. 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Yes, they do, without a doubt. Children and teens that extensively play violent games tend to be less stressed, but are also more prone to stealing, over-eating, and acting out in minor rages when playing violent video games for long extensions of time. Though most of the side effects do not damage a young child or teen physically, the effects can result in social problemsRead MoreThe Real-World Effects of Virtual Violence: Perspectives on Video Games and Mass Media1507 Words   |  7 Pagesof the fact that video games are becoming more realistic and violent, nor that they are becoming much more beautiful and engaging in the way they look. What many people doubt, though, is whether they have a profound effect on a person’s character or not. Aggression as a result of video games seems to be a nebulous issue among much of the public. The research is there, but it is fragmented and covers many different issues that could (and are) problematic as far as video games go. This paper willRead MoreNegative Effects Of Violent Video Games712 Words   |  3 PagesHave you heard? Many people are debating whether or not Violent Video Games cause kids to be aggressive and violent. While others, like myself agree violent video games aren’t the problem of violence, real-life violence is. And therefore, you should to why, because Violent Video games allow kids especially boys to let out anger and relax themselves from emotions. It also helps entertain kids. And creates less real-world aggression. Kids already know the difference between virtual and reality byRead More Video Games Violence Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesplayed video games once in their lives. There are various genres and types of video games such as action, first person shooters, adventure, education, role-playing, strategy, and many more. 89% of video games contain some violent content (Slife, 2008). 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There is research that points both ways in the subjectRead MoreEssay on The Negative Effects of Violent Video Games1529 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, video games have come under scrutiny as to whether or not violence in video games numbs children and teens to the consequences of real-life violence. The answer to this question is yes. Young children and teens are very easily influenced, especially in a society in which violence, whether fictional or real, thrives. Video-game violence has become a common link in tragedies, such as Columbine.   The content of video games desensitizes a young person to the ramifications of real violence.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children1519 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games in the 21st century have transformed from friendly competing into guns, explosions, and major violence. Video games are getting away with more violence every year and the games are becoming more extreme. The consistence and severity of violence is at an all-time high leading the most popular games in the gaming community to have a ‘mature’ rating due to the considerable amount of violence involved. For example, one of the highest selling video games of all time grossing one billion itsRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Violence In Video Games1145 Words   |  5 PagesSince the beginning of the video game industry, violence has been a huge factor in the entertainment aspect. Even the more subtle, friendly games like Super Mario Bros. are full of underlying violence such as having to kill small and sometimes large creatures to advance the game. The most popular games among children and teens today happen to be the more gory, dark, and killing heavy games. These games almost always have very toxic communities full of people who love to scream at other players for

A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning Free Essays

string(87) " to fill in gaps that would occur if we relied on only one source† \(Lancy, 1993, p\." Review of Learning in the Panic Zone: Strategies for Managing Learner Anxiety Introduction It is generally agreed that research can be divided from different perspectives, such as being grouped into empirical and philosophical research according to whether collecting data or not (Allison, 2012). So does â€Å"social research†, which features â€Å"focusing on people in a social setting† (Robson, 2011, p. 5) and aims at achieving research purposes of â€Å"action, change and emancipation† (Robson, 2011, p. We will write a custom essay sample on A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now 39). In terms of research paradigms, â€Å"social research† can be divided into â€Å"quantitative research† and â€Å"qualitative research†, usually the former focusing on collecting numerical data and the latter focusing on collecting data of words (Robson, 2011, p. 5). Thus being aware of different theoretical approaches, researchers become reflexive, creative, and capable of reinvention and evolution (Robson, 2011, p. 41). Also according to Robson, the kind of research â€Å"refers to applied research projects which are typically small in scale and modest in scope†, is termed as â€Å"real world research† (Robson, 2011, p. 3). It usually solves â€Å"problems and issues of direct relevance to people’s lives† (Robson, 2011, p. 4). And the research under review, which applies strategies into real programs (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 420), seems to be this kind of research. In this assignment, I am going to evaluate the article under review from the aspects of strengths and weaknesses, and relate the analysis to the broader issues of research. Strengths Firstly, to some extent, this article is formally logical and well-organized by using subheadings and questions like â€Å"How do trainers support learners who undertake challenging tasks? (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 427). Realizing the â€Å"GAP† (Shon, 2012, p. 3) in literature that few attention has been paid to positive effect of stress in real cases (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 420), the researchers formed their research questions, presented their â€Å"RAT† (Shon, 2012, p. 3) and then came the research design and researc h method, â€Å"multi-strategy design† (Robson, 2011, p. 6) and â€Å"triangulation† (Cohen, 2007, p. 141) respectively. Seen from the perspective of the research design, it is closely related to previous literature and theory, and tries to answer research questions by adopting certain research methods. Finally, with the conclusion indicating that the theoretical strategies are in accordance with the comfort-stretch-panic model in previous literature and recommending further studies (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 435). Secondly, as a social research, it is of great value to have a â€Å"scientific attitude†: â€Å"systematically, sceptically and ethically† (Robson, 2011, p. 15). Specifically, by saying â€Å"systematically†, I mean this research is well prepared and arranged by two experienced trainer and consultant, with â€Å"over six years’ experience of providing consultancy in training† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 38) and â€Å"more than 30 years’ experience in education and training† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 420) separately. So they both have a clear understanding of what, how and why they are doing in the research. They made a detailed exposition of literature, including â€Å"theoretical solutions to debilitating learne r anxiety† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 421) and â€Å"practical measures that a trainer can take to prepare learners for challenging tasks† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 427) and designed the questionnaires in research utilizing the strategies in literature. Such a coherent process of research design is sufficient for the first aspect of â€Å"scientific attitude†. And by saying â€Å"sceptically†, I mean the researchers have recognized its limitations of using a small sample of 30 potential participants and the absence of trainees’ feedback and thus recommended future work of considering the â€Å"individual personal differences and how these impact differential responses to stressful situations† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 435), thus â€Å"subjecting ideas to possible disconfirmation† (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And finally, â€Å"ethically† is represented during the questionnaires, which â€Å"were sent only to those who indicated availability to help with the research† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 428). The third part of advantages focuses on research method. Combining strategies of survey and interview, it is obvious that this research mainly conducts qualitative research method. However , it can also be calledâ€Å"triangulation† because of the close connection among literature, survey and interviews. According to Cohen, â€Å"triangulation† may be defined as â€Å"the use of two or more methods of data collection in the study of some aspect of human behavior† (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). It is often used to mean â€Å"bringing different kinds of evidence to bear on a problem† (Esterberg, 2002, p. 176). Here in the article under review, by saying â€Å"triangulation†, the researchers adopted the approach of triangulating literature, survey and interview. According to different literatures, there are many types of triangulation and each has its own characteristics, of which â€Å"theoretical triangulation† (Cohen, 2007, p. 42) and â€Å"methodology triangulation† (Cohen, 2007, p. 142) are reflected in this research. According to Cohen, the former â€Å"draws upon alternative or competing theories in preference to utilizing one viewpoint only† and the other â€Å"uses either the same method on different occasions, or different methods on t he same object of study† (Cohen, 2007, p. 142). Sometimes different theories and results from conducting different methods lead to conflict conclusions, it does not mean the research is wrong, it may indicates the necessary of further study and research in wider field. So by adopting different types of triangulation, researchers feel more confident of their findings and enhance validity (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). Similar with triangulation, there are also variable kinds of validity. The type I will focus on is â€Å"concurrent validity† because it is the type enhanced in the article I am evaluating. How does the triangulation ensuring â€Å"concurrent validity† (Cohen, 2007, p. 140) is the main concern of this part. â€Å"Concurrent validity† is a variation of â€Å"criterion-related validity† (Cohen, 2007, p. 40), also called â€Å"criterion validity† by Perri and Bellamy, implying â€Å"whether the measures are in line with other measures of the same content that are generally accepted as valid in the wider research community† (Perri 6 Bellamy, 2012, p. 92). â€Å"To demonstrate this form of validity the data gathered from using one instrument must correlate highly with data gathered from using another instr ument† (Cohen, 2007, p. 140). To be specific, in this article under review, the data is collected both from survey and interview with the guidance of a large amount of literature, applying â€Å"theoretical riangulation† and â€Å"methodology triangulation†, thus the concurrent validity is relatively ensured. As Lancy indicates, â€Å"using multiple data sources also allows one to fill in gaps that would occur if we relied on only one source† (Lancy, 1993, p. You read "A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning" in category "Essay examples" 20). Last but not the least, the research draws on the advantages of its research designs. According to Robson, social research design can be separated into â€Å"fixed design† and â€Å"flexible design† (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And the key to distinguish these two designs is whether the procedure and focus of research is fixed or not (Robson, 2011, p. ). However, it should be noticed that ther e overlaps between them. For example, one specific fixed-designed research could be flexible influenced by qualitative data. So for those using both qualitative and quantitative data, there come â€Å"multi-strategy designs† (Robson, 2011, p. 6). Here by saying â€Å"multi-strategy†, which has â€Å"substantial collection of both qualitative and quantitative data in different phases or aspects of the same project† (Robson, 2011, p. 6), I do not mean that it contradicts the qualitative research method. It means a research design of combining qualitative and quantitative elements when conducting the qualitative research method. In a narrow sense, the method used in this article should not be called as â€Å"multi-strategy† because the qualitative elements account for a larger proportion. However, the researchers take advantages of using both elements. For example, though â€Å"there is tendency for people to over-choose the middle option† (Thomas, 2011, p. 178), the quantitative approach of â€Å"five-point Likert scale† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 29) does help the researchers from the trouble of getting specific data from the abstract description. And for the analysis, evaluation and interpretation of data and sample, this paper uses â€Å"descriptive statistics (methods used to summarize or describe our observations)† (Rowntree, 2000, p. 19) to summarize the sample of research and indicates that future study is needed for â€Å"inferential statistic s†, which â€Å"is concerned with generalizing from a sample, to make estimates and inferences about a wider population† (Rowntree, 2000, p. 1). By using â€Å"opportunistic purposive sampling†, the researchers regarded respondents as representatives of â€Å"a diverse group of trainers from across the UK with male and female trainers aged between 26-55 years† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 428), one might hold the opinion that using â€Å"mechanical methods† (Rowntree, 2000, p. 24) of selecting randomly is a safe way to make a unbiased representative sample, however, â€Å"it is conceivable that you could use random methods and still end up with a biased sample† (Rowntree, 2000, p. 25). So considering the rich experience of the researchers, the â€Å"opportunistic purposive sampling† is a better choice to avoid the less representativeness of random sampling. Weaknesses However, there are some reservations. Firstly, when analyzing the effectiveness of different strategies, it seems that the researchers have not thought about â€Å"control variable†. According to David and Sutton, â€Å"control variable† means â€Å"a variable that influences the relationship between the independent and dependent variables† (David Sutton, 2011, p. 11). Though it is a term in mathematical notation, I would suggest using it and adopting control groups in each training program. Otherwise the variables such as the difference of trainees, trainers and training environment among different programs might influence the validity of data. Maybe this limitation is hard for researchers to avoid because of the fact that the training is not conducted by the researchers themselves. The data are indirectly collected as comments/feedbacks from different trainers. Thus to some extent, it is really hard to make sure the validity of data in this research since there are so many variables. Moreover, even after adopting control groups and comparing data from several groups in one particular training program, the validity of data is easily to be influenced by uncontrollable variables. Taking interviews for example, uncontrollable variables could be â€Å"characteristics of the interviewers†, â€Å"interactions of interviewer/respondent characteristics† and privacy concerns of the respondents (Robson, 2011, p. 241). Although the researchers have tried to do the best by adopting â€Å"semi-structured interview† (Thomas, 2011, p. 164), indicating that â€Å"11 respondents were interviewed in a ‘guided’ unstructured format in which participants were allowed a considerable degree of latitude to express their opinions within the interview framework† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 429), they have not excluded the influence of the â€Å"framework†. So it is rather difficult for the researchers to ensure the validity of data and to precisely achieve the research purpose. And another influence about the validity the researchers might not consider well is the representativeness of the sample. Considering that the research mainly focus on â€Å"questionnaire-based surveys† (â€Å"Internet surveys† and â€Å"interview surveys† specifically) (Robson, 2011, p. 240), which ignores â€Å"the characteristics of non-respondents† (Robson, 2011, p. 240), it is doubtable to say that â€Å"the sample of respondents is representative† (Robson, 2011, p. 240). Maybe it is more persuasive to say that â€Å"our statistical methodology enables us to collect samples that are likely to be as representative as possible† (Rowntree, 2000, p. 23) rather than â€Å"the respondents represented a diverse group of trainers from across the UK with male and female trainers aged between 26-55 years† (Palethorpe Wilson, 2011, p. 428). Conclusion To sum up, this assignment evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the article under review in the framework of different methodology and methods. Within the article, by comparing the positive aspects and problematic areas, it is relatively persuasive for the authors to claim their findings. And the contributions they made by putting the theories into practice are highly appreciated since it is a real world research. References: 1. Allison, P. (2012). The source of knowledge: Course introduction [Vedio]. United Kingdom: The University of Edinburgh. 2. Cohen, L. , Manion, L. , Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. (6th ed. ). London New York: Routledge. 3. David, M. , Sutton, C. D. (2011). Social research: An Introduction. (2nd ed. ). New Delhi: SAGE. 4. Esterberg, K. G. (2002). Qualitative methods in social research. United States: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 5. Lancy, D. F. (1993). Qualitative research in education: An introduction to the major tradition. New York: Longman. 6. Palethorpe, R. , Wilson, J. P. (2011). Learning in the panic zone: Strategies for managing learner anxiety. Journal of European Industrial Training, 35(5), 420-438. 7. Perri 6, Bellamy, C. (2012). Principles of methodology: Research design in social science. Croydon: SAGE. 8. Robson, C. (2011). Real world research. (3rd ed. ). Cornwall: John WileySons Ltd. 9. Rowntree, D. (2000). Statistics without tears: An introduction for non-mathematicians. London: Penguin Group. 10. Shon, P. C. H. (2012). How to read journal articles in the social sciences. London: SAGE. 11. Thomas, G. (2011). How to do your research project. London: SAGE. Self Assessment document When you submit your assignment for this course you also need to include a self assessment document. This is a student version of the mark sheet and must include at least one sentence under each of the headings. Do not suggest a grade for your assignment! POSTGRADUATE ASSIGNMENT SELF ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT Course title: The sources of knowledge Year: 2012 Matriculation number: s1262299 1. Knowledge and Understanding of Concepts [Has the student understood the methodological concepts used (or not) by the authors in the papers? ] Yes, I understand the methodological concepts used by the authors in the paper under review by evaluating it from different perspectives in a balanced view. . Knowledge and Use of the Literature [Has the student shown evidence of reading core and supplementary texts? ] Yes, I have shown evidence of reading core and supplementary texts by citing their opinion. 3. Critical Reflection on Theory and Practice [Has the student explained and critically evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology (theory) and methods (practice) the papers analysed? ] Yes, I have expl ained and evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology and methods the paper analysed in a balanced view. And I have tried to judge on the basis of what the authors set out to achieve and consider the space they have, thus not being too critical. 4. Constructing Academic Discourse [Has the student structured the assignment effectively, adopted an appropriately academic style and tone? Spelling? Vocabulary? Grammar? Format? Fluency? ] Yes, I have structured my assignment effectively and adopted an appropriately academic style and tone. I have checked it to make sure of the correctness of the spelling, vocabulary, grammar, format and fluency. All of the above four areas receive equal weighting How to cite A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning, Essay examples

Comparison Of Macbeth Essay Research Paper Comparison free essay sample

Comparison Of Macbeth Essay, Research Paper Comparison of Macbeth and Lord of the Fliess Macbeth is one of the supporter in a Shakespeare drama # 8220 ; Macbeth # 8221 ; . Jack is besides a supporter in the novel # 8220 ; Lord of the Flies # 8221 ; . The following essay will sketch the differences and similarities of these two characters. There are five similarities between Jack and Macbeth. First, they were both leader of some sort. Jack was a leader of a choir group while Macbeth was a co-leader of Duncan # 8217 ; s ground forces. Second, they were brave. Jack was brave, he went up to the top of the hill by himself and searched for the animal. Macbeth was weather excessively, he won the conflict in the beginning of the narrative. Third, they were both ambitious. Jack was the leader of the runing party in the beginning of the narrative, but he wanted to go the leader of the full group on the island. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Of Macbeth Essay Research Paper Comparison or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Macbeth wanted to go the male monarch of Scotland after holding the conversation with the three enchantresss. Fourthly, they both became more cruel as they gained more power. After Jack formed his ain group and set up a cantonment on Castle Rock, he became more cruel than earlier. For Macbeth, he hesitated six times before killing Duncan. But when he planned to kill Banquo and Macduff # 8217 ; s household, he didn # 8217 ; T hesitated and killed them without sorrow. Last, they were both superstitious. Jack was superstitious, he worshipped the Lord of the Fliess and held a ritual dance around the cantonment fire after giving the hog. For Macbeth, he believed in the fortu ne relation of the three enchantresss. ( Quotation mark: All hail Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Glamis. All hail Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor. All hail Macbeth, that should go male monarch here after. ) There are five differences between Jack and Macbeth. First, their ages were different. Jack was a adolescent while Macbeth was an grownup with a married woman. Second, they have different terminations. Macbeth was killed in the terminal of the narrative while Jack was rescued. Third, Jack kills to consolidate his power while Macbeth putting to deaths to success his end. Jack # 8217 ; s end was achieved in the center of the narrative, he had to keep his power over others. For Macbeth, he had to kill other people in order to hold a opportunity to go male monarch of Scotland. Fourthly, Macbeth was evil in the beginning of the narrative while Jack was guiltless, but he became more evil as the narrative advancement. Macbeth used his evil head to be after all the slayings while Jack tried to assist the group out by organizing the runing party in the beginning, but he wanted to kill Ralph subsequently. Last, no 1 can harm Jack while person had the power to harm Macbeth. Macduff killed Macbeth in the conflict of Dunsinane while Ralph had no power to harm Jack. Ralph had to fell when Jack became the leader of the island. In decision, Jack was good in beginning while Macbeth was evil and cruel. They both had a common end, it was to acquire more power in order to go a leader. Greed for power will consequences in inhuman treatment, violent deaths and eventually retaliation. _

Pate Memorial Hospital Essay Example

Pate Memorial Hospital Paper Pate Memorial Hospital is a 600-bed, independent, not-for-profit, self-supporting hospitals. PHC, an ambulatory health care facility, was opened by PMH. Sherri Worth, a new assistant administrator of Pate Memorial Hospital in charge of the PHC, was told that a firm plan establishes a clinic five blocks north of PHC. It is a big competitor for PHC. On the other hand, financial problems, Short service hours, long waiting time and lacking of gynecological services are all be the problem faced by Worth. Therefore, Sherri was requested to analyze the PHC’s performance and take Medcenter, a possible competitor, into consideration which either did or not opens a clinic in north. SWOT analysis Strengths| Weaknesses| * PMH is financially stronger than most of the metropolitan-based hospital. It is debt-free and has highest overall occupancy rate among the city’s six general hospitals strength the support to PHC. * 50% of office workers are willing to visit PHC if necessary. 44% of business-initiated visits. * Approximately 5% of visits in each month were repeat visits. * The referrals objective was met means it brought more patients to hospital. | * Because of hinting at crass commercialism, No adverting or other types of promotion are planned. * Bad debt of PHC needs to be decreased. * Patients still dissatisfy with service hours. * Waiting time is too long, particularly during the lunch hours (11:00 A. M-2:00 P. M. ) * Lack of gynecological services. | Opportunities| Threats| * Population in the area where PHC located was expected to grow 6% per year. We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Increasingly depend on inner-city residents who have a higher median age and higher incidence of Medicare coverage. * 20% more personal illness visits next year than last year. * Construction in the downtown area had stimulated worker’s compensation activity and then employment physicals would grow. | * Growth of population in the suburban * Potential competitors exist possibly. * Possibility of customers’ loss. | Critical issues The PHC has met some problems in different areas. That is why the PHC should  take steps to improve its financial standing and can be self-supporting in April 2001. The possible competitor may establish a new clinic five blocks of north of PHC. Estimation of potential impact to PHC by new clinic is very important. The alternatives should consider this point and see how PHC make promotion in market. Female account for 70% of total visits to PHC, they should maintain this portion of patients. It is a possible that a third of current personal illness/exam patients from the northern portion will switch to the new clinic because of location. Alternatives /Alternatives | Pros | Cons | Competition effect| ?Expand service hours| ? Decrease waiting time.? Reduce crowding during the lunch period.? Increase patients.? More convenient especially for employed patients who want to do physical examination. | ? A 33% increase in personnel cost as well as the cost of another physicians.? It cannot be break-even(see Exhibit 1 and 2)| After the new clinic build up, the visits in the north will switch to new clinic, the benefit of PHC will decrease. (see Exhibit 2)| ? Add gynecological service| ? increase more women patients; additional 2000 visits per year? increase profit, net profit is $62,400(See Exhibit 3)| ? Increase the cost of physicians. | ? No impact from competing clinic| ? Improve business-initiated visits| ? increase an additional 65 employment patients every month. | ? need expend service hours? Increase personnel cost and cost of another physician? the benefit cannot cover the cost. (see Exhibit 4)| ? Not be affected by competing clinic. Because most construction was being undertaken in the area of south, west, and east of PHC. | ? Advertise in the downtown weekly newspaper| ? improve people’s awareness of PHC? Attract more patients? compete with competitors(see Exhibit 5)| ? The weekly advertisementCost$10,400 per year| ? No effects of competing clinic. Just improve the competition| Recommendation We can see from alternatives of expand service hours and improve business-initiated visits that it will increase the cost of physicians and personnel. The benefit cannot cover the cost. The full capacity of PHC would be 32 visits a day, however, the performance of May 1999-March 2000, the  average patients is about 15 visits per day. It states that resources of PHC were not utilized completely. Therefore, they do not need to hire more physicians. These two alternatives should not be adopted. As to advertisement, in my mind, it could have a try in this alternative because the cost of advertisement can recover cost while increasing 196 patients. On the other hand, People could aware of the PHC via making advertisement. It is also a good way to attract more patients and compete with competitors. The gynecological service should be involved because of 3 reasons: Firstly, female patients account for 70% in the PHC. Secondly, the Exhibit 3 shows adding gynecological service can bring 2000 additional visits. Thirdly, the benefit can cover cost; net profit is $62,400 of gynecological service. Profit analysis for alternatives Exhibit 1 Service hour extension without competitor Exhibit 2 Service hour extension with competitor Exhibit 3 Gynecological service benefit| cost| additional 2000 visits $104 per visit104x2000=$208,000| ? Salary payment$70 per hourx8h/dx260d=$145,600| Total $208,000| Total $145,600| Net profit(loss) $62,400| Exhibit 4 Improving relationship with business community benefit| cost| ?65 additional physical visits per monthCharge per visit: $94x(1+8%)=$101. 5?Revenue: 65x12x101. 5=$79,170| ? Additional 33% personnel cost and the cost of another physician? Personnel cost 33%x168376=$55,564? Physician cost $137,280| Total $79,170| Total $137,280| Net profit (loss) ($58,110)| Exhibit 5 Break-even analysis of advertisement Contribution margin $185,224/3490 = $ 53| Patient visits increase$10,400/$53 = 196| Pate Memorial Hospital Essay Example Pate Memorial Hospital Paper In mid-April 2000, Pate Memorial Hospital (PMH) uncovered a concerning piece of news. This news was discovered by Sherri Worth, assistant administrator at Pate Memorial Hospital in charge of the hospital’s Pate Health Clinic (PHC). Worth discovered that a firm had been conducting a study to determine whether there was sufficient demand to establish a clinic five blocks north of the Pate Health Clinic, the opening date for this potential clinic was May 2001. Worth believed that the firm responsible for these tests were Medcenter. Medcenter, a privately owned suburban ambulatory facility, appeared to be successful in its suburban location. The objectives were detailed to Worth by the Pate Memorial Hospital Administrator, Dr. Roger Mahon. These objectives are: ?To draft a concise analysis of Pate Health Clinic’s position ?Specify and evaluate the alternatives assuming Medcenter does open up a clinic five blocks north of PHC ?Specify and evaluate the alternatives assuming Medcenter does NOT open up a clinic five blocks north of PHC ?To have the Pate Health Clinic be self-supporting by April 2001 The Pate Memorial Hospital is financially stronger than most of the metropolitan-based hospitals in the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pate Memorial Hospital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It has the highest overall occupancy rate among the city’s six general hospitals and is debt free. Despite PMH’s success the board of trustees had serious concerns about its patient mix. Without a stronger stable inflow of short-stay, privately insured patients, the financial health of the hospital would be jeopardized. This situation called for an ambulatory facility to be opened downtown 10 blocks north of the hospital, thus the Pate Health Clinic was built. The Pate Health Clinic is a non-profit firm that opened in May 1999. Each month since the opening the PHC has been closer to the goal of self-supporting. Starting out in May 1999 with a net loss of $53,028 and ending in March of 2000 with a Net loss of $11,940. PHC faces both opportunity and issues with the growing area in which the clinic is located. Long wait times and limited hours hamper the clinic’s success. Now, with the threat of a new clinic opening just 5 blocks north of the PHC it is time to make improvements. PHC must not only focus on profitability, but also awareness in the community. Dr. Roger Mahon said it himself: â€Å"We have a lot riding on the PHC. Making it work involves not only dollars and cents, but our image in thecommunity as well. Problem Definition The primary problem in this case is concerning the threat of competition. Specifically, ? How should Sherri Worth maintain the majority of the PHC’s patients with the threat of Medcenter opening a clinic 5 blocks north, while balancing financial problems, short service hours, long waiting times, and lack of gynecological services. Alternative Identification 1 Do nothing ?With a growing population in the area the Pate Health Clinic is increasing the amount of patients and revenue each month. At this rate the PHC should be close to self-supporting in the future. Also, the threat of Medcenter opening a clinic 5 blocks north of the PHC is merely just a speculation. If Medcenter decides against opening a clinic then there is less of a reason for the PHC to change operation tactics. 2 Modify clinic operations 2A. Expand clinic availability hours, the clinic currently is open 8am-5pm oTo do this the PHC must find out what hours would be most efficient to expand upon oDetermine whether a second physician will be needed 2B. Offer gynecologic services at the PHC oDetermine the amount of patients that would make use of this service oEstablish the profitability of a gynecologist physician 2C. Improve waiting times, specifically during lunch hours (11am-2pm) oDetermine the most efficient and effective method of achieving this goal oConsider the benefit of hiring a second doctor Relevant Information Environmental Factors Size Growth of Market During the planning process of the Pate Health Clinic, Worth held discussions with the city planners. In these discussions it was uncovered that during 9am-5pm the service area contained 11,663 office workers during the Monday-Friday work week. The population area was expected  to grow 6 percent per year, given new building and renovation activity. The service area is a 5 block radius around the PHC. Table 1 Service Area Population Year Total Population Male (40%) Female (60%) 1999 11663 4665 6998 2000 12363 4945 7418 2001 13105 5242 7863 2002 138901 5556 8334 2003 14724 5900 8835. *INFORMATION GATHERED FROM EXHIBIT 3 IN THE CASE, GROWTH ASSUMED CONSTANT AT 6% The specific services offered by the PHC include (1) preventive health care (for example, physical examinations and immunizations), (2) minor-emergency care, (3) referral for acute and  chronic health problems, (4) specialized employer services (for example, pre-employment examinations and treatment of worker’s compensation injuries) (5) primary health care services (for example, treatment of common illnesses), (6) basic X-ray and laboratory tests. The PHC would be open 260 days a year (Monday-Friday) from 8am-9pm. Table 2 – Would you use or try PHC if necessary? Gender Yes No Total Male 88 168 256 Female 72 72 144 Total 160 240 400 Table 3 – Would you use or try PHC if necessary? Gender Yes No Total Male 1604 3061 4665 Female 3499 3499 6998 Total 5103 6560 116663.

Sample Gmat Essay Topics

Sample Gmat Essay TopicsAs an employer, you will want to hire for the position you want to fill, but of course, you also want to give yourself the best possible chance to do so. You might have been thinking about sampling different sample Gmat essay topics, but it is very important that you make a well-informed decision, especially if you are going to apply for more than one position.The job market for Gmat analysts is very competitive. There are some companies that are always on the lookout for a new graduate, or a fresh graduate to keep their training in place. To that end, you need to find out what job opportunity you would be interested in, and then start researching the top Gmat essay topics, as well as the employers in the field who you would be working with.When it comes to finding sample Gmat essay topics, you will want to make sure that you start with some writing samples that have been approved by a variety of different Gmat employers. From there, you can start looking for some sample Gmat essays to practice your own work and hopefully have some of your own writing samples to read over.When you are choosing the sample topics, you will want to pick a topic that is going to relate to your own particular company, as well as the position you want to fill. You will want to be able to create a good profile for yourself, and be able to tell the hiring company how they can better help you with your writing skills.As you are looking through some sample Gmat essay topics, you will want to look at the various topics that are related to your own particular career goals. As an example, let's say that you have a particular career goal that you are really excited about. That is certainly something that will come up while you are looking through the sample Gmat essay topics.In fact, you may find that there are many specific topics related to the career you are interested in, and those will definitely be the topics that you will be paying close attention to. You will want to choose topics that are both meaningful and interesting. You will want to think about writing to impress the employer and to persuade them that you are an intelligent and capable person.At the same time, you will want to think about whether or not the topic is something that you are interested in, and if it is, then you will want to be sure that it is something that you can write about in a way that will produce some of the best writing possible. Once you have found some of the best sample Gmat essay topics, you will want to make sure that you consider sending a cover letter along with it. This will show the company that you are serious about making an application and are willing to do whatever it takes to get the job.

sex slavery in Thailand essays

sex slavery in Thailand essays The desire to be wealthy in the glittering growth of the Thai economy not only lures Many girls into prostitution, but also keeps them there. Although it has not been legal to sell children and women in Thailand since 1905, it is now common for impoverished families in the north to indenture their daughters into sex slavery in "closed" brothels, from which they are not allowed to leave. It is estimated that 20 per cent of prostitutes were deceived and forced into the profession. When parents failed to repay debts they were asked to sign a promissory note allowing one daughter to be taken to work in Bangkok. The nature of the work was generally specified as housework or factory work, but as soon as the daughter arrived in Bangkok she was forced to receive clients. Slavery, which has been defined as the permanent, violent domination of natally alienated and generally dishonored persons by Orlando Patterson, a Sociologist at Harvard University has aptly been able to openly recognize that such a tradition exists must be a positive albeit painful, first step. The young girl will thrive upon this degrading form of earning her livelihood, for the rest of her life. This profession robs an individual of her honor, self With the rise of capitalism and the popularity of the consumer products Industry The trend towards child prostitution is increasing and has spread to many rural Communities, many peasant families, particularly in the North of Thailand, the selling of daughters into prostitution has become a strategy for economic survival and access to consumer goods. Prostituion in the Asia Pacific is also increasing due to the rural- urban migration, high unemployment and underemployment among young people and the growth of the tourist Industry. Another major factor is the prevalence of the ideology ...

Why We Need Paragraphs

Why We Need Paragraphs Why We Need Paragraphs Why We Need Paragraphs By Sharon Reading a blog post or a web article should be easy. Some web pages have large blocks of text with very few breaks between them. When I see those, my brain does the TMI (too much information) dance and my eyes move on until they find something easier to look at. When you try to process an unbroken block of text, its like trying to eat a whole apple pie in one gulp. You may be able to do it, but youll probably get indigestion or choke in the attempt. Thats why paragraphs are important. Getting Attention Web readers have a short attention span. Thats why you need to make it easy. As you write, remember that you are taking your readers on a journey from point A to point B to point C. Paragraphs are just one of the ways that you do this. Web Usability When I worked as an editor, I spent a lot of time making long paragraphs shorter and making sure that each paragraph had a point. This also works for web content writing. All the advice I read on web usability suggests that you make one main point or cover one key idea in each paragraph. Then you expand on it a bit, then move on to the next one. That makes it easy for the eyes and the brain to process – and makes it more likely that people will read your blog posts. Using Subheadings Theres one more way to improve the experience for web content readers. Subheadings serve as navigational markers to tell readers whats coming in each paragraph. They can skip to the part that interests them, or get an idea whether they need to read the article or blog post at all. Use subheadings and small paragraphs and your readers will thank you and come back for more. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Punctuate References to Dates and TimesHow to Punctuate with â€Å"However†45 Idioms About the Number One

The Glory of Living Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Glory of Living - Essay Example The play questions the models of a family that are held up as the standard in society. Despite having a mother, Lisa is unable to have a normal childhood. The disintegration of the family is complete in the family of Lisa and Clint as the couple seeks to seduce young girls into a lurid kind of death. The sterility of this kind of an existence is repeatedly held up by the author as symbolic of the fact that such forms of life are unsustainable. The playwright, Rebecca Gilman, makes it clear that such instances of sterility do not represent the modes of sterility that were characteristic of ancient civilizations where it was a phase that would be followed by a regeneration. The two children that Clint and Lisa have only serve to heighten the disturbing mood of the play as the presence of a pedophile in the family makes the situation of the children complicated. They are moreover, placed not in the care The play’s pessimism regarding the state of affairs that modern life presents is a very postmodernist one, where it has become impossible for human beings to peel away the layers of life to reveal its true essence. Here, people wander through life; performing functions that they are aware do not possess any meaning. In this sense, the play also addresses existential issues that the modern man faces and has to deal with. The importance of the existential problems that the play poses is demonstrated by the absolute lack of meaning that Lisa, the anti-heroine of the play, puts into her actions. The main aspect of the play, however, remains the fact of the development of children. The life of children whereby they are at the complete mercy of their parent’s actions is demonstrated skillfully by Gilman’s play. The play, right from the scene where Lisa is charmed by Clint into a marriage that would lead her into a much more dissipated life than her mother, to the one where she discloses her dark secrets to the authorities, is a long series of events that displays the problems of a traumatic childhood. This childhood of hers is affected by the fact that her mother was a prostitute. The fact that Clint is a person who comes with a person, who may or may not have been a client of his future mother-in-law, is one of the most disturbing aspects of the play (Gilman). The guilt that Lisa feels at the end of the play is something that stems from the fact that she has not matured emotionally. The actions that she takes at various points in the play have no rational explanation. This fact is also the result of her dissociation from the real world where events follow a more or less rational course. The union of the grotesque and the real in the life of Lisa is another aspect of the play that is interesting and significant, dramatically. The grotesque events that are related in the play are a part of the life of Lisa. They are an everyday reality for her and this results in a disturbing atmosphere in the play. The grotesque becomes the nor m for Lisa when she arranges prey for her husband. The grotesque becoming the norm points to the development of the person. The abnormal childhood that was led by Lisa, where she was deprived of attention on the part of her mother. The negative influences of her husband too, become a reason as to why Lisa becomes what she becomes. The play offers no reason as to why Clint is the way he is, portraying

Medication Management Review Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Medication Management Review Questions - Essay Example Schedule 7 drugs have high to extremely high toxicity require special precautions in their manufacture, handling, or use they also require special regulations restricting their availability, possession or use. Also known as, a central line or CVC is long, soft, thin, hollow tube that is placed into a large vein. A central line is much like an intravenous catheter that is placed in a small vein in an arm, except that a central line is longer and is placed in a large vein leading to the heart in the neck, upper chest, leg, or arm. Bonnie Fahy, RN, MN, Marianna Sockrider, MD, DrPH "Defining Addiction, Physical And Psychological Dependence To Drugs, Alcohol And Other Related Addictions." Drug Rehabilitation .The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University:"Wasting the Best and the Brightest: Substance Abuse at America’s Colleges and Universities", March 2007. Myers, David G. Psychology. 9th Ed. Beilin Y, Arnold I, Telfeyan C, Bernstein HH, Hossain S (2000). "Quality of Analgesia When Air versus Saline Is Used For Identification of the Epidural Space in the Parturient". Reg Anesth Pain Med 25

Environmental Ethics And Social Responsibility

Environmental Ethics And Social Responsibility Environmental ethics has become a hot topic of the modern era. Gone are the days of our natural surroundings being an afterthought. We, as a society, are now fully aware of the natural habitat in which we are a part of, what it does for us, and what we do and can do for it. This is significant as this recognition was, for the most part, absent until just a few decades ago. The following paper will illustrate how although we have come a long way in realizing natures true essence and our negligence of this respect, we still have a lot of work to do in honing these moralistic views, because the Earth is not just for human beings and if we dont continue to acknowledge this, it may just fight back. In centuries past, society paid little attention to nature and its non-human inhabitants other than how it can benefit mankind. Whether it was for food, work, or pleasure, nature only was recognized for human gain. We were very much an anthropocentric civilization, meaning, we only assigned intrinsic value to human beings only or there was a greater intrinsic value placed on humans above all non-human life forms (Brennan Lo, 2008). It was even a strong religious belief that everything on Earth was put here by God for human consumption. Everything was assumed to be at our disposal. From trees to animals, if we had a need for it, it was used. Add to this that our population throughout history has grown exponentially and this means even more people contributing to this carelessness. Over time, individuals were not the only ones disregarding nature, entities such as businesses were too. As industries were discovered and grew they not only used our natural resources but contaminated them as well through pollution and waste. Though noted historical figures such as naturalist Aldo Leopold (1949), biologist Rachel Carson (1963) and historian Lynn White Jr. (1967) helped to pioneer environmental awareness, it wasnt until April 22, 1970 that reform really began to take place. That particular day was labeled Earth Day in the United States and it was a day used to bring consciousness to the endangerment and value of our environment (Earth Day still is recognized annually every April to this day). In addition to this event, NASA produced a shocking and enlightening image of the Earth taken from space at Christmas 1968 and featured in the Scientific American in September 1970 that really propelled public interest. Here, plain to see, was a living, shining planet voyaging through space and shared by all humanity, a precious vessel vulnerable to pollution and to the overuse of its limited capacities (Brennan Lo, 2008), concern became evident. All of the use and subsequent ab use combined with a constant booming population produced a need for a change, hence environmental ethics was born. Environmental ethics, defined, is a branch of philosophy that considers the moral relations between human beings and their natural environment; as a field of study, it assumes that humans have certain responsibilities to the natural world, and it seeks to help people and their leaders become aware of them and to act responsibly when they do things that impact the natural world (ScienceClarified, 2010). Not only do environmental ethics highlight the human mistreatment of the environment and the effects of this mistreatment, but it emphasizes nature and all living organisms as having just as much right to live/exist on this Earth as humans do. Two schools of thought, though various forms exist, are consistent with environmental ethics: deep ecology and shallow ecology. Deep ecology is a philosophical belief that all forms of life- plant, animal, human- have an intrinsic right to exist in the natural environment and that humans have a direct responsibility to maintain the environment fo r all life forms; whereas shallow ecology holds that humans have a responsibility to protect the environment so it can support human life both in the present and in the future (ScienceClarified, 2010). While deep ecology is more so the ultimate goal, both philosophies are a major change in thought when compared to our anthropocentric past. Do other species have an intrinsic right to exist? Does the Earth exist just for the benefit of humanity? Are humans responsible for being the guardians over the Earth? Do trees have any legal rights? Are we obligated to have concern for future generations? Questions such as these, among many others, are what drive environmental ethics. Now that we know what environmental ethics is and a little of its history we can take a look at where we stand today on environmental ethics. Unfortunately, today we still face an enormous amount of environmental issues which include: air and water pollution, erosion of soil, deforestation, diminishing natural resources, biodiversity destruction (plant and animal extinction), and ozone layer depletion, among others. Most of these matters were becoming a problem when we were first introduced to environmental ethics and have actually increased tenfold since. This doesnt make sense, why would these problems still exist, let alone be worse now when the human race has shown concern regarding them? The answer is not easy but it mostly has to do with human nature and overpopulation. The increase in human population increases the demands for the water resources; more land is required for housing; there is an increased demand for food for which agricultural land is needed; more fuel is requir ed; more automobiles and manufacturers cause more pollution etc.(Pillai, 2009). Compound this with the mere fact that humans always want more and something better, thus continually increasing ones lifestyle, whether it is through breakthroughs in technology or industrial progresses (among many others), takes it toll on the environment as well. Even though the realm of environmental ethics has enabled many agencies to exist, such as the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), to help monitor and regulate the people and their treatment of the environment, as well as educating them, more must be done. Looking towards the future, the function of environmental ethics will become even more substantial. As the planet is under enormous geological stresses, which are continually increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population (Haan, 2009). Effort from nations, organizations, and groups are most certainly needed to improve, but our future may just depend on a better individual effort. Most people are under the impression that their individual effort is so minute in the grand scheme of things that they actually assume very little responsibility towards the environment. Another problem is that the majority of humankind doesnt understand just how their actions of today can greatly affect the future generation. Just because something that is done today doesnt have an immediate effect it is often overlooked. It is important to understand that everyone plays a role in the overall process of life; each persons decision can ultimately affect the future (Haan, 2009). Some individual efforts that can make a difference concerning our environmental future are: reducing usage of plastic since it is not biodegradable, recycling garbage, promoting the development and use of environment friendly technologies, and utilizing more organic agriculture. Another big change that may be needed, though it can be controversial, is to implement aggressing family planning to limit human population; there is only so much land available and no matter how many alterations we make in our lifestyles and mentality, too many people is too many peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦but that is topic for another day. Nevertheless, our insights and actions towards the environment are critical for the future of our survival, environmental ethics are imperative. In short, if we want to see a future it is imperative that we make more of an effort to curb our indulgences as we make progress. Yes, advancement in technology, big business and the like has benefited mankind greatly but we all must keep in mind that with greater success comes greater responsibility. The study of environmental ethics has opened our eyes but we must continue to respect nature in its own right and therefore it will in turn thrive again as it once did enabling us to live as we should. Yes, it shouldnt be a give and take scenario but being the humans that we are, this is inevitable. However, just as we have taken from nature for so many years, nature can and just may take something back, it may take us, the existence of the human race, if we dont take more responsibility as individuals and as a whole and continue to push the movement.

Language and Communication Development Essay

When working in a school, especially pre-school or primary school, it is important for us to identify and provide effective support and extend the speech, language and communication development for children during the early years (Burnham and Baker, 2011). This is so that they get the best chance to develop these skills and avoid struggle later in life. There are a number of ways in which adults can effectively support and extend speech, language and communication development in children during early years. Firstly, it is important for us to adapt our language according to the child’s age, needs and abilities. Some children who have English as a second language may require us to point to objects (www.earlylearningconsultancy.co.uk). For example, when we are speaking to babies or toddlers, we would simplify the sentences for them to understand, whereas the older the children we can begin to use harder sentences. For example, when handing out cookies, to a child who is 1 or 2 years of age we may hold out a cookie and say the word, whereas to an older children we would say â€Å"Would you like a cookie?†. Secondly; we must give children the time and opportunity to communicate. It is important to give children time to think about what has been said to them and if they don’t answer straight away we must be patient and not answer for them (www.earlylearningconsultancy.co.uk). Some children may require us to sounds them out but then we must get them to copy and blend the sounds together whilst giving them time to process what we are telling them. As mentioned in (www.foundationyears.org.uk), other ways we can effectively support children and extend their speech, language and communicate may include: using simple repetitive language for familiar activities, comment on what children are doing in their play session, and we must try to expand what they say by adding a few words ourselves. For example a child might shout â€Å"Bus!† we should reply â€Å"That’s right, it’s a big, red bus.† Some children may find using visual clues and reminders very useful in helping them follow routine and learn new work and concepts (www.foundationyears.org.uk). We can use pictures of the children themselves  doing the activities, to represent different activities in the say as a visual timetable. These pictures can also be used to help children to choose activities. As mentioned in (www.earlylearningconsultancy.co.uk), we can also use modelling language which helps support children when words don’t sound clear. This includes giving them praise for trying them sating the word back to them, so if a child says ‘tar’ we can smile and say ‘yes, car, clever boy’. Interacting can also be playing games, reading and singing songs. Getting children engaged in books from an early age can help with their reading and writing skills and can extend their language skills and vocabulary (www.earlylearningconsultancy.co.uk). Singing simple songs and nursery rhymes develop children’s attention and listening skills and their awareness of rhymes and the word patterns. As mentioned in (www.earlylearningconsultancy.co.uk), play and activity encourage children to communicate and practise their communication skills as they will need to communicate with their playmates and others so it creates a situation where they can practice and develop their speech, language and communication skills.